Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)

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What is it?

CBT looks at how our thoughts (cognitions) and what we do (behaviours) affect the way we feel in depression, anxiety, and other mental illnesses. CBT uses a wide range of techniques to treat a variety of psychological problems. The aim is to teach a variety of tools, which a person can then use throughout their life. CBT is focused on the here and now and is very practical.

CBT helps a person to look at unhelpful thinking and behaviour patterns which can be difficult to get out of. For example, someone who, because her baby is unsettled, thinks Im a hopeless mother, I never get it right may then feel depressed and hopeless. The problem may get worse if she then gets tense and anxious each time the baby cries thinking that she will not be able to settle the baby.

Challenging our thinking is not just about positive thinking. Obviously, negative things can and do happen. But when we are depressed or anxious, we are often biased or distorted in our thinking, making the difficulty that we face seem much worse. CBT helps people to think more realistically. A range of health professionals are trained in CBT including, psychologists, counsellors, psychiatrists, GPs, nurses, and social workers.

How long does it take?

CBT is a 'short' and structured treatment usually taking between eight to 20 sessions. There will also be tasks set for the person to do at home in between therapy sessions ensuring the person gets the maximum effectiveness from the therapy.

How effective is it?

CBT has been shown in clinical trials to be very effective in relieving depression and anxiety and a whole range of emotional problems. For some people it can work just as well as drug treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. CBT can be used alone or in conjunction with medication. It depends on your condition and its severity.